【deserve的常见用法】“Deserve”是一个常见的英语动词,表示“值得、应得”,常用于表达某人或某事应该得到某种结果或待遇。它在句子中通常带有因果关系,强调某种行为或状态所应得的结果。以下是对“deserve”的常见用法进行总结,并结合表格形式进行清晰展示。
一、基本用法
1. deserve + 名词/代词
表示某人/某物应得某样东西,常用于描述奖励、惩罚或结果。
- 例句:She deserves a reward for her hard work.
(她辛勤工作,值得获得奖励。)
2. deserve + to do sth
表示某人应该做某事,常用于表达责任或义务。
- 例句:He deserves to be punished for his mistake.
(他犯了错误,应该受到惩罚。)
3. deserve + doing sth
表示某事应该被做,常用于被动语态。
- 例句:The job deserves being done carefully.
(这项工作应该被认真完成。)
4. deserve + that 从句
表示某人应得某种结果或待遇,后面接一个完整的从句。
- 例句:They deserve that they are treated fairly.
(他们应被公平对待。)
二、常见搭配与结构
结构 | 说明 | 例句 |
deserve + 名词 | 应得某物 | He deserves a promotion. |
deserve + to do sth | 应该做某事 | She deserves to know the truth. |
deserve + doing sth | 应该被做 | This book deserves being read. |
deserve + that 从句 | 应得某种结果 | They deserve that they are respected. |
三、注意事项
- “Deserve”不用于进行时态,如 deserving 是形容词,不能单独作谓语。
- 在使用“deserve + to do sth”时,通常表示一种责任或义务,而非单纯的动作。
- “Deserve + doing sth”中的“doing”是动名词,强调动作本身,而不是执行者。
四、常见错误
1. ❌ He deserves to go home now.
✅ He deserves to go home now.(正确)
注:虽然语法上没问题,但更自然的说法是 He should go home now.
2. ❌ The movie deserves to be watched.
✅ The movie deserves watching.(更自然)
3. ❌ I don’t deserve this.
✅ I don’t deserve this.(正确)
注:虽然可以这样说,但更常用的是 I don’t deserve it.
通过以上总结可以看出,“deserve”在英语中使用广泛,尤其在表达责任、奖惩和合理期望时非常常见。掌握其不同结构和搭配,有助于提高语言表达的准确性和地道性。